---
title: Glossary - AWS, GenAI & EU AI Act terminology | ccX
description: Definitions of the AWS, generative AI, and EU AI Act terms used across the ccX site - risk classification, Bedrock, RAG, agentic AI, guardrails, evals, and more.
doc_version: 1.0.0
last_updated: 2026-05-20
canonical: https://ccx.hu/glossary
---

# Glossary

Plain-English definitions for the AWS, generative AI, and EU AI Act terminology
used across the ccX site.

## EU AI Act

- **EU AI Act** - Regulation 2024/1689 on artificial intelligence. Classifies AI
  systems by risk (unacceptable, high, limited, minimal) with obligations on
  providers and deployers.
- **High-risk AI system** - Annex III systems (employment, critical
  infrastructure, education, law enforcement, etc.) or safety components of
  regulated products. Strictest obligations: risk management, data governance,
  human oversight, logging, transparency, accuracy.
- **GPAI (General-Purpose AI)** - broad-capability models (Claude, GPT, Llama)
  covered by the Act's GPAI chapter. Transparency, copyright, and - at
  systemic-risk scale - additional safety obligations.
- **Article 9 - Risk management** - continuous, iterative risk-management
  process across the lifecycle.
- **Article 12 - Logging** - automatic event logging for traceability.
- **Article 14 - Human oversight** - design for effective natural-person
  oversight in use.
- **Conformity assessment** - verification procedure before placing a
  high-risk AI system on the EU market.

## AWS

- **AWS** - Amazon Web Services, the public cloud platform.
- **Amazon Bedrock** - managed foundation-model service (Anthropic, Meta,
  Mistral, Amazon Nova/Titan, others), plus agents, guardrails, knowledge
  bases, evaluation.
- **Bedrock Agents** - Bedrock feature for agentic workflows that plan and
  call tools.
- **Bedrock Guardrails** - content/PII/grounding policies layered on
  foundation-model calls.
- **AgentCore Runtime** - AWS's enterprise runtime for long-running,
  memory-equipped agents.
- **Amazon EKS / ECS** - managed Kubernetes / AWS-native container
  orchestration.
- **AWS IAM** - identity, roles, and least-privilege policy on AWS.
- **VPC** - isolated virtual network on AWS.
- **Auto Scaling Group (ASG)** - dynamically-scaled group of EC2 instances.

## AI & GenAI

- **GenAI** - generative AI; models that produce new content rather than only
  classify or predict.
- **Foundation model** - large pre-trained model adaptable to many tasks.
- **Agent** - AI system that perceives, plans, and acts over multiple steps
  via tool calls.
- **Agentic AI** - architectures built around autonomous or semi-autonomous
  agents.
- **RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)** - retrieve context, condition
  generation on it.
- **Evals** - automated tests for AI quality, safety, and regression risk.
- **Guardrails** - content filters, denied topics, PII redaction, output
  validation.
- **Hallucination** - confident-but-wrong AI output.
- **Prompt injection** - attack class where untrusted input manipulates the
  model.

## Cloud & DevOps

- **IaC** - Infrastructure as Code (Terraform, AWS CDK, CloudFormation,
  Pulumi).
- **CI/CD** - Continuous Integration / Continuous Delivery.
- **Observability** - inferring system state from metrics, logs, traces.
- **SLO / SLA** - Service-Level Objective / Agreement.
- **Zero Trust** - no implicit trust; authenticate every request.

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